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[Tut] How to Get MD5 of a String? A Python One-Liner

#1
How to Get MD5 of a String? A Python One-Liner

<div><p><strong>Rapid Answer</strong>: The following one-liner calculates the MD5 from the string <code data-enlighter-language="generic" class="EnlighterJSRAW">'hello world'</code>:</p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="generic" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group="">import hashlib as h;print(h.md5(b'hello world').hexdigest())</pre>
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<p><strong>Background</strong>: <strong><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5">MD5 message-digest </a></strong>is a vulnerable cryptographic algorithm to map a string to a 128-bit hash value. You can use it as a checksum on a given text to ensure that the message hasn’t been corrupted. However, you shouldn’t use it as a protection against malicious corruption due to its vulnerability. With modern hardware and algorithms, it’s easy to crack!</p>
<p><em><strong>Problem</strong>: How to generate an MD5 sum from a string?</em></p>
<p>Example: Say, you have the following string text:</p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="generic" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group="">text = 'hello world'</pre>
<p>And you want to convert it to the MD5 hash value:</p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="generic" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group="">5eb63bbbe01eeed093cb22bb8f5acdc3</pre>
<p>We’ll discuss some methods to accomplish this next.</p>
<h2>Method 1: hashlib.md5() — Multi-Liner</h2>
<p>The hashlib library provides a function <code data-enlighter-language="generic" class="EnlighterJSRAW">md5()</code> that creates an object that can calculate the hash value of a given text for you via the method <code data-enlighter-language="generic" class="EnlighterJSRAW">update()</code>:</p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="generic" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group=""># Method 1: hashlib.md5()
import hashlib m = hashlib.md5()
text = 'hello world'
m.update(text.encode('utf-8')) print(m.hexdigest())
# 5eb63bbbe01eeed093cb22bb8f5acdc3</pre>
<p>Make sure to encode the string as a Unicode string with the <code data-enlighter-language="generic" class="EnlighterJSRAW">string.encode('utf-8')</code> method. Otherwise, Python will throw an error. </p>
<h2>Method 2: hashlib.md5() — Trivial One-Liner</h2>
<p>As a <a href="https://blog.finxter.com/python-one-line-x/" title="Python One Line X" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">one-liner</a>, the code looks unreadable:</p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="generic" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group=""># Method 2: One-Liner
import hashlib; m = hashlib.md5(); m.update(text.encode('utf-8'));print(m.hexdigest())
# 5eb63bbbe01eeed093cb22bb8f5acdc3</pre>
<p>We used the standard technique to one-linerize flat code snippets without indented code blocks. Learn more in our related tutorial.</p>
<p><strong>Related Tutorial: </strong><a href="https://blog.finxter.com/how-to-write-multiple-statements-on-a-single-line-in-python/" title="How to Write Multiple Statements on a Single Line in Python?" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">How to One-Linerize Code?</a></p>
<h2>Method 3: Improved One-Liner</h2>
<p>You can slightly improve the code by using the <code data-enlighter-language="generic" class="EnlighterJSRAW">b'...'</code> string instead of the <code data-enlighter-language="generic" class="EnlighterJSRAW">encode()</code> function to make it a Unicode string:</p>
<pre class="EnlighterJSRAW" data-enlighter-language="generic" data-enlighter-theme="" data-enlighter-highlight="" data-enlighter-linenumbers="" data-enlighter-lineoffset="" data-enlighter-title="" data-enlighter-group=""># Method 3: One-Liner
import hashlib as h;print(h.md5(b'hello world').hexdigest())
# 5eb63bbbe01eeed093cb22bb8f5acdc3</pre>
<p>I also initialized the <code data-enlighter-language="generic" class="EnlighterJSRAW">md5</code> object with the Unicode string directly rather than using the <code data-enlighter-language="generic" class="EnlighterJSRAW">update()</code> method. The one-liner now has minimum number of characters—I don’t think it can be made even more concise! <img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/13.0.0/72x72/1f609.png" alt="?" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /></p>
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<p>The post <a href="https://blog.finxter.com/how-to-get-md5-of-a-string-a-python-one-liner/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">How to Get MD5 of a String? A Python One-Liner</a> first appeared on <a href="https://blog.finxter.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Finxter</a>.</p>
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