Step 1: Install csv-ical Module with PIP

Run the following command in your command line or PowerShell (Windows) or shell or terminal (macOS, Linux, Ubuntu) to install the csv-ical library:

pip install csv-ical

In some instances, you need to modify this command a bit to make it work. If you need more assistance installing the library, check out my detailed guide.

Full Guide: How to install a library/module in Python?

Step 2: Prepare files

Create a new Python code file with the extension .py or a Jupyter Notebook with the file extension .ipynb. This creates a Python script or Jupyter Notebook that can run the code in Step 3 to conver the .ics.

Now, put the .ics file to be converted in the same folder as the newly-created Python script.

Use Jupyter Notebook to create a new .ipynb file

Step 3: Convert

This step consists of running the code doing these three things:

• Create and initialize a Convert object
• Read the .ics file
• Create the CSV object and save it at the specified location

Here’s the full code:

from csv_ical import Convert # Create and initialize a Convert object

convert = Convert()

convert.CSV_FILE_LOCATION = 'my_file.csv'

convert.SAVE_LOCATION = 'my_file.ics' # Read the .ics file

convert.read_ical(convert.SAVE_LOCATION) # Create the CSV object and save it at the specified location

convert.make_csv()

convert.save_csv(convert.CSV_FILE_LOCATION)

Thanks for going through the whole tutorial! <3

Google reCaptcha V3 is the latest version provided with the highest security in comparison. Google contains different captcha services with reCaptcha V2. There are the (I am not a Robot) checkbox, invisible captcha and etc.

With the V3, Google guarantees zero friction while predicting the score for the website interactions. The score and the response report returned by the reCaptcha V3 is a very good security measure. It helps to take action accordingly to safeguard the website.

Like other Google reCaptcha concepts, the V3 also has more than one method to integrate the captcha challenge. Those are two as listed below.

1. Programmatic invocation of the challenge.
2. Automatic binding of the challenge with the form button.

This article explains to implement both methods by creating examples.

The below diagram will help to have a quick look at the Google reCaptcha V3 process flow.  Continue reading to learn how to get the API keys and integrate reCaptcha for your website.

Read also,

1. PHP Contact Form with Google reCAPTCHA.
2. Customize Google Invisible reCAPTCHA on a Webpage.

If you prefer custom captcha code using PHP, you may check the linked article for example code.

How to get Google reCaptcha keys

This is a two-step simple process to get the API keys to add Google reCaptcha to a website.

These steps are listed below with screenshots.

1. Register your site domain.
2. Copy the reCaptcha site key and the secret key.

Step1: Register your site domain

Go to the Google recaptcha admin console to register a domain to integrate reCaptcha V3.

The below screenshot masked the data related to the domain and site owner details. Enter your site details in the place of the masked data.

Step2: Copy the reCaptcha site key and the secret key.

Once registration is done, the reCaptcha V3 keys are displayed below. Copy these details and configure them into the website code.

The site key is used to render the Google reCaptcha on the client side. And, the secret key is used for server-side verification.

The following example contains an application configuration file for this. Continue reading to know how to configure.

About this example

This example renders the reCaptcha script and element in the landing UI. It has the configuration to make the website reCaptcha ready with the API keys.

It gets the token from the Google reCaptcha API and appends it to the form. On submit, the server-side PHP script receives the token to send the siteverify request to the API.

The reCaptcha API returns a JSON response with a score, success boolean, and more details. Based on the score (between 0 to 1), it helps to gauge the interaction’s standard. We have enabled a custom captcha solution based on the login validity standard.

It integrates the Google reCaptcha V3 programmatic challenge in the root. If you want to implement the “automatic binding” method, then it is in a separate folder.

The below structure shows the reCaptcha example files order and location. It will be helpful to set up this code correctly in a development environment.

Application configuration file

It configures the Google reCaptcha V3 site and the secret keys used in the examples below.

The site key is used to render the Google recaptcha element on the client side. The secret key is used in the PHP files to build the site verification request parameters.

Config.php

<?php class Config

{ const GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY = ''; const GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY = '';

} ?>

Method 1: Programatically invoking Google reCaptcha token via script

This method is used when the developer wants to have more programming control over the reCaptcha token.

During the explicit execution, it sets parameters to the request. These parameters can be returned with the Google reCaptcha V3 response. This will be helpful for additional verification.

HTML page renders form with reCaptcha JS

This landing page loads the JavaScript API while rendering the form UI. It uses the Google reCaptcha site key while loading the JavaScript.

index.php

<?php

require_once __DIR__ . '/Config.php';

?>

<html>

<head>

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/form.css" />

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" />

<title>Form with Google reCaptcha V3</title> <script src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=<?php echo Config::GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY; ?>"></script>

</head>

<body> <div class="phppot-container tile-container"> <h3 class="text-center">Google reCaptcha V3</h3> <form id="frm" name="frm" method="post" on‌Submit="getToken(event)"> <div> <div class="row"> <label>Feedback</label> <input type="text" name="txt_report" class="full-width" required> </div> <div class="row"> <input type="submit" value="Send" class="full-width"> </div> <div id="ack-message"></div> </div> </form> </div>

</body>

</html>

Execute reCaptcha JavaScript API for token

It executes the Google reCaptcha request explicitly. The callback function of this action will return the reCaptcha token.

Then, the callback dynamically creates an input element using JavaScript. It loads the token to this element and appends it to the form.

After getting the token field, the form is submitted via JavaScript. The submitForm function posts the form data to the PHP via AJAX. In a previous article, we have seen how to enable PHP custom captcha using AJAX.

index.php (Javascript Google reCaptcha execute)

// Execute Google reCaptcha v3 to get token function getToken(event) { event.preventDefault(); grecaptcha.ready(function() { grecaptcha.execute('<?php echo Config::GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY; ?>', { action: 'submit' }).then(function(token) { var button = document.createElement('input'); button.type = 'hidden'; button.name = 'recaptcha_token'; button.id = 'recaptcha_token'; button.value = token; var form = document.getElementById("frm"); form.appendChild(button); submitForm(); });; });

} // Submit reCaptcha token to the PHP

function submitForm() { const form = document.getElementById('frm'); const formData = new FormData(form); var xhttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); xhttp.open('POST', 'form-action.php', true); xhttp.send(formData); xhttp.onreadystatechange = function() { if (xhttp.readyState == 4 && xhttp.status == 200) { document.getElementById("ack-message").innerHTML = xhttp.responseText; document.getElementById('recaptcha_token').remove(); } }

}

Verify website interaction using Google reCaptcha V3 API

The form submits action calls this PHP script by sending the reCaptcha token. It builds the post parameters with the Google reCaptcha v3 secret key and token.

This PHP script uses cURL to post the request to the reCaptcha API. The cUrl response returns the JSON  data as given by the Google API.

It returns the score about the interaction made on the website. This score will be between 0.0 (lower) and 1.1(higher) ranking. It helps to predict the necessary steps to make to protect the site.

form-action.php

//PHP reCaptcha validation

<?php

require_once __DIR__ . '/Config.php'; $reCaptchaToken = $_POST['recaptcha_token'];

$postArray = array( 'secret' => Config::GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY, 'response' => $reCaptchaToken

); $postJSON = http_build_query($postArray); $curl = curl_init();

curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, "https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify");

curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);

curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);

curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $postJSON);

$response = curl_exec($curl);

curl_close($curl);

$curlResponseArray = json_decode($response, true); if ($curlResponseArray["success"] == true && ! empty($curlResponseArray["action"]) && $curlResponseArray["score"] >= 0.5) { mail("admin@site.com", "New report", $_POST["txt_report"]); $output = "<div id='phppot-message' class='success'>Feedback received.</div>";

} else { $output = "<div id='phppot-message' class='error'>Invalid request.</div>";

}

print $output;

exit();

Method 2: Automatic binding callback with the submit button

This is a basic and simple method of integrating Google reCaptcha V3 for a site. In this automatic binding of the reCaptcha challenge, it gets the token in the callback.

Site HTML to bind the reCaptcha challenge automatically

It loads the Google reCaptcha JavaScript API as we did in method 1.

The g-recaptcha field binds the callback, action, and reCaptcha site key with the HTML5 data attributes.

 automatic-binding/index.php

<?php

session_start();

require_once __DIR__ . '/../Config.php';

?>

<html>

<head>

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./../css/form.css" />

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./../css/style.css" />

<title>Form with Google reCaptcha V3</title> <script src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js"></script>

</head>

<body> <div class="phppot-container tile-container"> <h3 class="text-center">Google reCaptcha Automatic Binding</h3> <form id="frm" name="frm" method="post" action="action.php"> <div> <div class="row"> <label>Feedback</label> <input type="text" name="txt_report" class="full-width" required> </div> <div class="row"> <input type="button" class="g-recaptcha full-width" data-sitekey="<?php echo Config::GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY; ?>" data-callback='onSubmit' data-action='submit' value="Send" /> </div> <?php if (! empty($_SESSION["ack_message"])) { ?> <div id="ack-message"><?php echo $_SESSION["ack_message"]; ?></div> <?php } $_SESSION["ack_message"] = ""; ?> </div> </form> </div>

</body>

</html>

JavaScript callback to append token field to the form

This callback function is linked with the Google reCaptcha element, which is the send button of the form. So, on clicking the send button, it calls the onSubmit JavaScript function.

This callback has the reCaptcha token to be appended to the form data.

automatic-binding/index.php (JavaScript callback)

// JavaScript

function onSubmit(token) { var button = document.createElement('input'); button.type = 'hidden'; button.name = 'recaptcha_token'; button.value = token; var form = document.getElementById("frm"); form.appendChild(button); form.submit();

}

PHP action to predict Google reCaptcha score

In PHP, it verifies the site and checks the interaction score. It contains the same code as the form-action.php we used in method 1.

The difference is that the response is sent via session instead of printing it to AJAX callback.

automatic-binding/action.php

//Google reCaptcha V3 server-side verification

<?php

require_once __DIR__ . '/Config.php'; $reCaptchaToken = $_POST['recaptcha_token']; $postArray = array( 'secret' => Config::GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY, 'response' => $reCaptchaToken

); $postJSON = http_build_query($postArray); $curl = curl_init();

curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, "https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify");

curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);

curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);

curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $postJSON);

$response = curl_exec($curl);

curl_close($curl); $curlResponseArray = json_decode($response, true); if ($curlResponseArray["success"] == true && $curlResponseArray["score"] >= 0.5) { mail("admin@site.com", "New report", $_POST["txt_report"]); $output = "<div id='phppot-message' class='success'>Feedback received.</div>";

} else { $output = "<div id='phppot-message' class='error'>Invalid request.</div>";

} $_SESSION["ack_message"] = $output;

header("Location: automatic-binding.php");

?>

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Problem Formulation and Solution Overview

In this article, you’ll learn how to sort words alphabetically in Python.

To make it more fun, we have the following running scenario:

Some English sayings, also known as Tongue-Twisters, are fun to try and say quickly. They are also used to improve non-English speaking individuals and small children’s fluency and pronunciation of the English language.

Imagine how challenging tongue twisters would be if sorted in alphabetical order!

Question: How would we write code to sort a string in alphabetical order?

We can accomplish this task by one of the following options:

• Method 1: Use split() and sort()
• Method 2: Use split(), sorted() and join()
• Method 3: Use Bubble Sort Algorithm
• Method 4: Use sort_values()

Method 1: Use split() and sort()

This method uses Python’s built-in string library to reference split() and sort() to display the words in ascending alphabetical order.

twister = 'how much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood?'.lower().split()

twister.sort()

print(twister)

Above declares a tongue twister, converts the entire string to lowercase (lower()) and breaks it apart (split()) by default, on the space (' ') character. The results save to twister in a List format. If output to the terminal, the following displays.

The following line sorts twister (sort()) in ascending alphabetical order. If output to the terminal, the following would display.

Method 2: Use split(), sorted() and join()

This method uses Python’s built-in string library to reference split() and sorted() to display the words in descending alphabetical order.

twister = 'I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice cream!'.lower()

twister = ' '.join(sorted(twister.split(), reverse=True)) print(twister)

Above declares a tongue twister, then converts the string to lowercase (lower()). The results save to twister in a List format. If output to the terminal, the following would display.

The following line breaks it apart (split()) by default, on the space (' ') character. Then, twister is sorted (sorted()) in descending alphabetical order (reverse=True).

The words are combined using the join() function, saved to twister and output to the terminal.

Method 3: Use Bubble Sort Algorithm

This method uses the famous Bubble Sort Algorithm. This function accepts a List and loops through each element, comparing two (2) values, the current element value and the next element value. The greater element floats to the top, and the loop continues until the List is sorted.

twister = 'Which wristwatches are Swiss wristwatches?'.lower().split() def bubblesort(lst): for passesLeft in range(len(lst)-1, 0, -1): for i in range(passesLeft): if lst[i] > lst[i + 1]: lst[i], lst[i + 1] = lst[i + 1], lst[i] return ' '.join(lst) print(bubblesort(twister)) 

Above declares a tongue twister, converts the entire string to lowercase (lower()) and breaks it apart (split()) by default, on the space (' ') character. The results save to twister in a List format. If output to the terminal, the following displays.

Next, the bubblesort() function is declared and accepts one (1) argument, an iterable List. An explanation of this code is outlined above.

However, we modified the code slightly to return a new string containing the sorted List values.

The bubblesort() function is then called and passed twister as an argument. The results are output to the terminal.

Method 4: Use sort_values()

This function imports the Pandas Library to reference the sort_values() function. This function sorts column(s) in a DataFrame.

To run this code error-free, install the required library. Click here for installation instructions.

To follow along, click here to download the finxters.csv file. Move this file to the current working directory.

import pandas as pd df = pd.read_csv('finxters.csv', skip_blank_lines=True, usecols=['FID', 'Username', 'Rank'])

rank_sort = df.sort_values(by=["Rank"], ascending=True)

print(rank_sort)

Above, imports the Pandas library.

Then, the finxter.csv file is read in, omitting blank lines, selecting the three (3) stated columns and saving to df.

Next, sort is applied to the Rank column, which contains the words pertaining to a user’s achievement level. The DataFrame (df) is sorted based on this column and the results save to rank_sort and output to the terminal.

Below a snippet of the results displays.

Summary

These four (4) methods of sorting words alphabetically should give you enough information to select the best one for your coding requirements.

Good Luck & Happy Coding!

Programmer Humor – Blockchain

A code linter is a static code analysis tool to find programming errors, bugs, style mistakes, and suspicious constructs.

The best Solidity Linter is Ethlint with a close second Solhint. Most other linters are not well qualified to compete with those early tools!

Solidity Linter #1 – Ethlint

Ethlint comes with the popular slogan “yet another Solidity linting tool”.

I think the name is not well chosen because, due the fact that Solidity is super young, there is not a swamp of linting tools available, yet.

You can install it using the following expression:

npm install -g solhint

Here’s how you’d run this:

solhint [options] <file> […other_files]

Learn More: Ethlint Linting Tool

Solidity Linter #2 – Solhint

Solhint is a linter for Solidity that provides security and a style guide validations.

You can install the Linter using this command:

npm install -g ethlintsolium -V

After initial configuration, the execution is as simple as running this command in your shell:

> npm run solhint

Learn More: Solhint Linting Tool

I would recommend more but I think those are the two best tools at this point.

If you want to learn Soldity, I’d applause you because this means you rely less on Linters (a goal worth pursuing)!

You can check out our in-depth tutorial here:

Learn Solidity Course

Solidity is the programming language of the future.

It gives you the rare and sought-after superpower to program against the “Internet Computer”, i.e., against decentralized Blockchains such as Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain, Ethereum Classic, Tron, and Avalanche – to mention just a few Blockchain infrastructures that support Solidity.

In particular, Solidity allows you to create smart contracts, i.e., pieces of code that automatically execute on specific conditions in a completely decentralized environment. For example, smart contracts empower you to create your own decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) that run on Blockchains without being subject to centralized control.

NFTs, DeFi, DAOs, and Blockchain-based games are all based on smart contracts.

This course is a simple, low-friction introduction to creating your first smart contract using the Remix IDE on the Ethereum testnet – without fluff, significant upfront costs to purchase ETH, or unnecessary complexity.

AutoComplete is a feature to suggest relevant results on typing into a textbox. For example, Google search textbox autosuggest search phrases on keypress.

It can be enabled using client-side tools and attributes. The data for the autosuggest textbox can be static or dynamic.

For loading remote data dynamically, the source possibility is either files or databases. This article uses the database as a source to have dynamic results at the backend.

The below example has an idea for a quick script for enabling the autocomplete feature. It uses JavaScript jQuery and jQuery UI libraries to implement this easily.

The jQuery autocomplete() uses the PHP endpoint autocomplete.php script. Then, load the remote data into the textbox on the UI.

View Demo

Example 1: Simple autocomplete

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.13.2/themes/base/jquery-ui.min.css" />

<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script>

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.13.2/jquery-ui.min.js"></script>

<script>

$(document).ready(function(){ $( "#textbox" ).autocomplete({ source: "autocomplete.php", minLength: 2 });

});

</script>

<input id="textbox" class="full-width" />

This PHP endpoint script reads the database results and forms the output JSON for the autocomplete textbox.

It receives the searched term from the UI and looks into the database for relevant suggestions.

autocomplete.php

<?php

$name = $_GET['term'];

$name = "%$name%";

$conn = mysqli_connect('localhost', 'root', '', 'phppot_autocomplete');

$sql = "SELECT * FROM tbl_post WHERE title LIKE ?";

$statement = $conn->prepare($sql);

$statement->bind_param('s', $name);

$statement->execute();

$result = $statement->get_result();

$autocompleteResult = array();

if (! empty($result)) { while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) { $autocompleteResult[] = $row["title"]; }

}

print json_encode($autocompleteResult);

?>

This database is for setting up the database created for this quick example. The next example also needs this database for displaying the autosuggest values.

Run the below database queries for getting a good experience with the above code execution.

CREATE TABLE `tbl_post` ( `id` int(11) UNSIGNED NOT NULL, `title` text DEFAULT NULL

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4; --

-- Dumping data for table `tbl_post`

-- INSERT INTO `tbl_post` (`id`, `title`) VALUES

(1, 'Button on click event capture.'),

(2, 'On key press action.'),

(3, 'Overlay dialog window.);

Example 2: Load autocomplete with ID

The AutoComplete function sends an additional parameter with the default term argument. That is to limit the number of results shown in the autocomplete textbox.

It returns the database results based on the searched term as a key-value pair. A JavaScript callback iterates the result and maps the key-value as label-value pair.

It is helpful when the result id is required while selecting a particular item from the autosuggest list.

The below screenshot shows the item value and id is populated. This data is put into the textbox on selecting the autocomplete list item.

The below JavaScript code has two textboxes. One textbox is enabled with the autocomplete feature.

On typing into that textbox, the JavaScript autocomplete calls the server-side PHP script. The callback gets the JSON output returned by the PHP script.

This JSON data contains an association of dynamic results with their corresponding id. On selecting the autocomplete result item, the select callback function access the UI.item object.

Using this object, it gets the id and post title from the JSON data bundle. Then this JavaScript callback function targets the UI textboxes to populate the title and id of the selected item.

<script>

$(document).ready(function() { $("#textbox").autocomplete({ minlength: 3, source: function(request, response) { $.ajax({ url: "get-result-by-additional-param.php", type: "POST", dataType: "json", data: { q: request.term, limit: 10 }, success: function(data) { response($.map(data, function(item) { return { label: item.title, value: item.postId }; })); } }); }, select: function(event, ui) { event.preventDefault(); $('#textbox').val(ui.item.label); $('#itemId').val(ui.item.value); } });

});

</script>

<div class="row"> <label>Type for suggestion</label> <input id="textbox" class="full-width" />

</div>

<div class="row"> <label>Item id</label> <input id="itemId" class="full-width" />

</div>

This PHP script receives the post parameters sent via the autocomplete function.

The search keyword and the result limit are sent from the source callback of the autocomplete initiation.

This PHP script substitutes those parameters into the database query execution process.

Once found the results, it bundles the array into a JSON format to print as an auto-suggestion list.

get-result-by-additional-param.php

<?php

$name = $_POST['q'];

$limit = $_POST['limit'];

$name = "%$name%";

$conn = mysqli_connect('localhost', 'root', '', 'phppot_autocomplete');

$sql = "SELECT * FROM tbl_post WHERE title LIKE ? LIMIT $limit";

$statement = $conn->prepare($sql);

$statement->bind_param('s', $name);

$statement->execute();

$result = $statement->get_result();

$autocompleteResult = array();

if (! empty($result)) { $i = 0; while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) { $autocompleteResult[$i]["postId"] = $row["id"]; $autocompleteResult[$i]["title"] = $row["title"]; $i ++; }

}

print json_encode($autocompleteResult);

?>

Example 3: AutoComplete with recent search

This example shows the autocomplete box with text and image data. The database for this example contains additional details like description and featured_image for the posts.

If you want a sleek and straightforward autocomplete solution with text, then use the above two examples.

This example uses BootStrap and plain JavaScript without jQuery. It displays recent searches on focusing the autocomplete textbox.

Create AutoComplete UI with Bootstrap and JavaScript Includes

See this HTML loads the autocomplete textbox and required JavaScript and CSS assets for the UI. The autocomplete.js handles the autosuggest request raised from the UI.

The autocomplete textbox has the onKeyPress and onFocus attributes. The onKeyPress attribute calls JavaScript to show an autosuggest list. The other attribute is for displaying recent searches on the focus event of the textbox.

autocomplete-with-search-history/index.php

<link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.2.0/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" integrity="sha384-gH2yIJqKdNHPEq0n4Mqa/HGKIhSkIHeL5AyhkYV8i59U5AR6csBvApHHNl/vI1Bx" crossorigin="anonymous">

<script src="./assets/autocomplete.js"></script>

<style>

.post-icon { width: 50px; height: 50px; border-radius: 50%; margin-right: 15px;

} .remove-link { font-size: 0.75em; font-style: italic; color: #0000FF; cursor: pointer;

}

</style>

<input id="textbox" class="form-control" on‌keyup="showSuggestionList(this.value)" on‌focus="showRecentSearch()" autocomplete="off" />

<span id="auto-suggestion-box"></span>

Get the autosuggest list from the tbl_post database table

The below JavaScript function is called on the keypress event of the autocomplete field. In the previous examples, it receives a JSON response to load the dynamic suggestion.

In this script, it receives the HTML response from the endpoint. This HTML is with an unordered list of autosuggest items.

function showSuggestionList(searchInput) { if (searchInput.length > 1) { var xhttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); xhttp.open('POST', 'ajax-endpoint/get-auto-suggestion.php', true); xhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); xhttp.send("formData=" + searchInput); xhttp.onreadystatechange = function() { if (xhttp.readyState == 4 && xhttp.status == 200) { document.getElementById('auto-suggestion-box').innerHTML = xhttp.responseText; } } } else { document.getElementById('auto-suggestion-box').innerHTML = ''; }

}

ajax-endpoint/get-auto-suggestion.php

<?php

require_once __DIR__ . '/../lib/DataSource.php';

$dataSource = new DataSource(); if (isset($_POST["formData"])) { $searchInput = filter_var($_POST["formData"], FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING); $highlight = '<b>' . $searchInput . '</b>'; $query = "SELECT * FROM tbl_post WHERE title LIKE ? OR description LIKE ? ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 15"; $result = $dataSource->select($query, 'ss', array( "%" . $searchInput . "%", "%" . $searchInput . "%" )); if (! empty($result)) { ?>

<ul class="list-group">

<?php foreach ($result as $row) { ?> <li class="list-group-item text-muted" data-post-id="<?php echo $row["id"]; ?>" on‌Click="addToHistory(this)" role="button"><img class="post-icon" src="<?php echo $row["featured_image"]; ?>" /><span> <?php echo str_ireplace($searchInput, $highlight, $row["title"]); ?> </span></li>

<?php } ?>

</ul>

<?php }

}

?>

Add to search history

When selecting the suggested list item, it triggers this JavaScript function on click.

This function reads the post id and title added to the HTML5 data attribute. Then passes these details to the server-side PHP script.

function addToHistory(obj) { var selectedResult = obj.dataset.postId; fetch("ajax-endpoint/add-to-history.php", { method: "POST", body: JSON.stringify({ selectedResult: selectedResult }) }).then(function() { document.getElementById('textbox').value = obj.innerText; });

}

This PHP endpoint checks if the selected item is already added to the database history table.

In the database, the tbl_search_history stores the search history.

If data is not found in the database, then the search instance will be added to this table.

ajax-endpoint/add-to-history.php

<?php

require_once __DIR__ . '/../lib/DataSource.php';

$dataSource = new DataSource(); $post_data = json_decode(file_get_contents('php://input'), true);

$selectedResult = filter_var($post_data['selectedResult'], FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING);

if (isset($selectedResult)) { $query = "SELECT * FROM tbl_search_history, tbl_post WHERE tbl_search_history.post_id = tbl_post.id AND tbl_post.id = ?"; $result = $dataSource->select($query, 'i', array( $selectedResult )); if (empty($result)) { $query = " INSERT INTO tbl_search_history (post_id) VALUES (?)"; $result = $dataSource->insert($query, 'i', array( $selectedResult )); }

}

?>

Show search history by focusing on the autocomplete textbox

This function calls the PHP endpoint to fetch the stored search history. It also receives the HTML response from the server side.

The response HMTL is loaded into the autosuggest textbox in the UI.

function showRecentSearch() { if (!(document.getElementById('textbox').value)) { fetch("ajax-endpoint/show-search-history.php", { method: "POST" }).then(function(response) { return response.text(); }).then(function(responseData) { if (responseData != "") { document.getElementById('auto-suggestion-box').innerHTML = responseData; } }); }

}

In this PHP file, it joins the tbl_post and the tbl_search_history database tables. It is to filter the already searched keyword list.

ajax-endpoint/show-search-history.php

<?php

require_once __DIR__ . '/../lib/DataSource.php';

$dataSource = new DataSource(); $post_data = json_decode(file_get_contents('php://input'), true);

$query = "SELECT tbl_post.* FROM tbl_search_history, tbl_post WHERE tbl_search_history.post_id = tbl_post.id ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 10"; $result = $dataSource->select($query); ?>

<ul class="list-group">

<?php foreach ($result as $row) { ?> <li class="list-group-item text-muted" role="button"><img class="post-icon" src="<?php echo $row["featured_image"]; ?>" /><span><?php echo $row["title"]; ?></span> <span title="Remove from history" class="remove-link" on‌Click="removeFromHistory(this, <?php echo $row["id"]; ?>)">[remove]</span></li>

<?php } ?>

</ul>

Remove history from the autosuggest textbox

When focusing on the autocomplete textbox, the UI will display the recently searched post titles.

If the user wants to remove the recent searches, it is possible by this code.

The autosuggest entries have the remove link in the UI. On clicking the link, the corresponding record will be deleted.

function removeFromHistory(obj, postId) { fetch("ajax-endpoint/remove-history.php", { method: "POST", body: JSON.stringify({ postId: postId }) }).then(function() { obj.parentNode.remove(); });

}

This PHP code removes the search instances stored in the tbl_search_history database. The delete request posts the record id to fire the delete action.

ajax-endpoint/remove-history.php

<?php

require_once __DIR__ . '/../lib/DataSource.php';

$dataSource = new DataSource(); $post_data = json_decode(file_get_contents('php://input'), true);

$postId = filter_var($post_data['postId'], FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING);

$query = " DELETE FROM tbl_search_history WHERE post_id = ?"; $result = $dataSource->insert($query, 'i', array( $postId

));

?>

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