Apple on Friday regained a market valuation above $2 trillion after briefly losing it Thursday in a large-scale tech industry stock sell-off.

This week at Bungie, it’s time to go get your titles.

We are well into the final week of Solstice of Heroes. Finish upgrading your armor before the event ends with the weekly reset on September 8. If you still need time to finish any of the objectives required to unlock the white glows, you can continue to knock those out even after the event is over.

[Editor’s Note: Hey, Guardians. DeeJ here. Hunters may be last but they are not the best. We all know that all Guardians are created equal, assuming they are Warlocks.]

Triumphs Evolved 

Destiny Dev Team: Hello Destiny Community! We’re sure you’ve a ton of questions about Triumphs, particularity what happens to Triumphs once the content associated with them goes into the Destiny Content Vault. We’re updating how Triumphs will work going forward and want to walk you through how everything will look starting on November 10.

First, the goals!

• Provide pursuits for all players.
• Provide seasonal pursuits that match each Season of Destiny.
• Provide destination pursuits for each new destination in Destiny.
• Ensure everyone can show off their accomplishments.
• Make all Triumphs have a score.
• Make sure it’s clear what happens when content goes into the DCV.

Hopefully this write-up will answer your questions and lead to more discussion going forward.

An Evolving World 

We touched on this subject the last time we talked to you about Triumphs. It’s critical to us that there are challenging Triumphs each Season and that only the most dedicated among you earn them all and hit the max score. (Here’s looking at you, iLulu.) At the same time, it’s also important that even the freshest Kinderguardian has the same chance to climb that mountain, no matter when they join the Destiny Community. Given, of course, that they put in the time and dedication for the content available to them.

For Shadowkeep and the base Destiny 2 experience, we tried to do this by combing through each Triumph individually, looking to see if it was still achievable, and then taking the score away from any Triumph that could no longer be earned. While it achieved most of our goals, it didn’t give you the ability to plan your attack to earn absolutely everything you wanted to and there wasn’t a good predictor on when things would go away. 

For us to hit our goals, we knew that we needed to make some changes with how we are delivering Triumphs to players.

An Evolving Set of Triumphs for an Evolving World 

What are we going to do?

• Reorganize Triumphs to make them more compatible with our evolving world.
• Create a Career Score that that represents the totality of what you’ve done in Destiny 2.
• Create an Active Score, for the things that can be done now in the live game.
• Focus our generic Triumphs into a leaner lifetime set, that covers the basics of being a Guardian.
• Organize the rest of Triumphs around Seasons and destinations.
• Track the history of what you’ve done as Legacy Triumphs.
• Beyond Light will include a set of Triumphs that targets this year’s destination, Europa.
• These Triumphs all have score.
• They include the content on the destination (story missions, strikes, raid, Lost Sectors, and, yes, even some secrets).
• There will be a Set of Triumphs that targets Season 12’s content.
• The Triumphs will all have score.
• We like the pattern of rewarding Seasonal currency for completing these Triumphs, and will continue to do so.
• These Triumphs will stick around for as long as the Seasonal content does.
• While active, seasonal Triumph score will still contribute to your active score.
• When the Seasonal content is no longer available, the Seasonal set moves under Legacy Triumphs.
• They no longer contribute to your Active Score.
• They will still contribute to your Career Score.
• The Lifetime set will be about teaching players all the things you can do in Destiny.
• These will mostly target new players as they join our ranks.
• They will focus on helping players explore Destiny’s sandbox and game modes.
• If new systems are added to the game, this pool will grow.

(Sharp eyes will notice that we’ve moved Medals, Catalysts, and Lore off into their own sections, but more on that later.)

You keep saying ‘Legacy Triumphs.’ What is that? 

• For this year:
• In game, we’ll remember your total Triumph score and display it on the updated Triumphs screen.
• In game, we’ll remember every Triumph that contributed to a Seal and display them under Legacy Triumphs.
• In game, we’ll let you browse through the Seals under Legacy Triumphs.
• You’ll be able to equip the Titles you’ve earned going forward.
• We’ll have a demonstration set targeting the Leviathan that shows how this works.
• We’ve stored the completion state of every Triumph you’ve finished (or not) even for Triumphs no longer displayed in game. Work is ongoing to flesh out the categories those Triumphs live in.
• Going forward, when content moves to the Destiny Content Vault, Triumph sets that are no longer earnable will become Legacy Triumphs.
• Legacy Triumphs will contribute to your Career Score, but not your Active Score.

What about the things that can still be earned after November 10?  

• We’ll break out the Luna, Dreaming City, Tangled Shore, EDZ, and Nessus Triumphs into their own destination sets, and keep them available and contributing to your Active Triumph score.
• We’ll move your progress into any Triumph that still exists.
• In some cases, we’ve reduced the size of the Triumph sets to make this easier to understand for new players (Gambit, Crucible, Vanguard).
• In other cases, we’ve increased the size of the set and added rewards (Lifetime set).

Does this mean some Seals may no longer be earnable? 

Yes. With a bunch of content going into the DCV, there are Seals and their corresponding Titles that will no longer be earnable when Beyond Light is released.

• Earnable in Beyond Light:
• Crucible – Unbroken
• Gambit – Dredgen
• Flawless – Flawless
• Conqueror – Conqueror
• Shadowkeep – Harbinger
• Garden of Salvation – Enlightened
• The Dreaming City – Cursebreaker
• The Last Wish – Rivensbane
• Beyond Light – [redacted]
• Season 12 – [redacted]
• [redacted]
• Moved to Legacy in Beyond Light (and no longer earnable):
• A Shadow Rises – Shadow
• Reckoner – Reckoner
• Black Armory – Blacksmith
• Destinations – Wayfarer
• Lore – Chronicler
• Season 5 through Season 11 titles

What were you saying about medals, catalysts, and lore moving? 

• Medals and catalysts will now have their own sections to make them more visible and easier to keep track of.
• Lore will also have its own section and a brand-new UI to show off the book covers and improve the reading experience.
• All lore up through Season of Arrivals  will be available to all players. The game will still show how many of the pages you earned, but everyone will be able to read everything now.
•  So if you want to see X out of X pages earned – go earn any missing lore pages before the end of the season as well.
• New lore will be unlocked through Triumphs going forward and eventually made available to everyone when they become Legacy Triumphs.

Well, there you go. We know it’s a lot to absorb, but we think this moves us much closer to our goals of providing interesting and compelling pursuits Season over Season and year over year, while letting everyone participate. Please share any questions or feedback you have on the new Triumph plan in all the usual places.

Iron Banner 

Lord Saladin returns to the Tower once again next week, encouraging Guardians to  don their most powerful gear and show their might. Powerful rewards await for all who enter Iron Banner.

Iron Banner and Bonus Valor 

Begins: 10 AM PDT on September 8 

Ends: 10 AM PDT on September 15 

Just in case you have recently joined us or just need a refresher, Iron Banner is a weeklong Crucible event with a specialized version of Control. If you can capture all three zones you will create a Power Play, allowing for your team to hunt your enemies who will be locked out from capturing zones for a period. Here is a look at some of the weapons and armor available to earn during the event.

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Better, Faster, Transfer 

For those of you who are curious about the technical underpinnings, the BNet team has refactored the way that key components of the API flow are processed on the backend and removed affinization requirements from API features. This allowed a new approach to load-balancing and accommodating a major behavior change in Chrome where v84+ installs no longer respected same-site cookies. Transfer Item is the first function to be revised to take advantage of this. Look forward to significant new features from the API team as part of this work.

Title Bout 

This is their report.

UPDATE 2.9.2 

On Tuesday, September 8, Update 2.9.2 will be available to players. Below is a timeline of Destiny 2 maintenance for Update 2.9.2:

• 9 AM PDT (1600 UTC): Destiny 2 service maintenance begins.
• 9:45 AM PDT (1645 UTC): Destiny 2 is taken offline on all platforms.
• 10 AM PDT (1700 UTC): Destiny 2 Update 2.9.2 begins rolling out across all platforms and regions. Players will be able to log back into Destiny 2 at 10:01 AM PDT.
• 10:01 AM PDT (1701 UTC): Destiny 2 is back online on all platforms.
• 12 PM PDT (1900 UTC): Destiny 2 service maintenance concludes.

SEALED 

With the start of Year 4 on November 10,  certain Seals and their associated Titles will no longer be available to earn. Players will need to be sure to unlock and equip the following Titles before this date to guarantee that the completions are recorded on their accounts:

A Shadow Rises – Shadow

Reckoner – Reckoner 

Black Armory – Blacksmith

Destinations – Wayfarer

Lore – Chronicler

Arrivals – Forerunner

SOLSTICE BRIGHT DUST 

Players impacted by the Week 2 Solstice of Heroes bounties issue were granted their missing Bright Dust on Monday, August 31. However, there was a delay in the accompanying in-game message for many players. Players who see this message will have already had their missing Bright Dust added to their account.

KNOWN ISSUES 

While we continue investigating various known issues, here is a list of the latest issues that were reported to us in our #Help Forum:

• Player can’t type Korean Hangul characters into the game chat.
• The Light and Dark Solstice weekly bounty says it requires elemental final blows in Gambit, when it actually requires elemental final blows against opposing Guardians in Gambit.
• The Omega Mechanos Hunter Mask is missing its gold accents.

For a full list of emergent issues in Destiny 2, players can review our Known Issues article. Players who observe other issues should report them to our #Help forum.

Liquid Butter Faucet 

It’s time for Movie of the Week. This is your chance to show off. Big plays, musical prowess, shot-for-shot remakes of famous films, the choices are endless. Just create a cool video and post it where we can see it. These Guardians did.

Movie of The Week: Encounter

Honorable Mention: Legacy

Remember to post a link to your Bungie.net profile in your video’s description if you won. We will send out a special emblem as a reward.

<3 Cozmo

© Nintendo

One game in the Super Mario 3D All-Stars collection that’s got some extra attention so far is Super Mario Galaxy.

Right now, it’s mostly because everyone wants to know how motion controls in this game work on the Nintendo Switch across docked, tabletop and handheld play.

Polygon reached out to an official Nintendo representative, who shared a few extra details:

“Super Mario Galaxy is supported in TV, Tabletop and Handheld Modes. In TV and Tabletop modes, motion controls are required for pointer functionality. In Handheld Mode, pointer functionality has been adapted to use Touch Screen.”

Nintendo confirmed to the same source All-Stars would support the Switch Pro Controller. The official game page also provides some basic information about the motion controls and pointer functionality in Galaxy:

Gently shake a Joy-Con™ controller to activate Mario’s Spin ability or pass a Joy-Con controller to a friend for some extra help in Co-Star Mode.

Are you looking forward to revisiting this 2007 Wii title when All-Stars releases later this month? Tell us down below.

Bethesda just keeps making the original DOOM and its sequel DOOM II better and better with regular little updates. The latest one is perhaps the best yet – slighting improving the game, making some changes here and there, and even fixing a few things.

The highlight in this particular update is the addition of gyro aiming and widescreen support. Yep, you can now move your controller about to aim and play the game at 16:9 for the first time ever in an official port. You can even play Add-Ons like this!

Here are the full patch notes from the Slayers Club page, which cover all platforms – including Nintendo’s system.

New Additions

PC: Added Steam Support

Anyone who already owns either The Ultimate DOOM or DOOM II: Hell On Earth on Steam will automatically receive the new re-releases in their libraries. The original DOS versions are still available as a separate launch option from within Steam, and the original DOS IWAD files are in their original location on disk. Please note: if you have modified the files in the Steam install folder directly, some files may be overwritten. You should not modify files in the Steam folder directly, as this may cause issues. Anyone who purchases Steam copies of DOOM or DOOM II: Hell On Earth in the future; it will default to the re-releases but can access the original DOS versions as a separate launch option from within Steam.

Added widescreen rendering support

For the first time in an official port, the original DOOM renderer has been modified to natively render 16:9 without any letterboxing. The FOV has been increased to reveal more image on the side instead of chopping off the top and bottom. All new 16:9 versions of the titlescreen, intermission, and ending screens have been added. Many of our Add-Ons have also had widescreen support added, so download the latest version from the Add-Ons listing to check it out!

DeHackEd support

The engine now can load DeHackEd patches, a popular tool for the original release that modified the game in order to support more advanced behavior. Add-Ons can now use new weapons, change enemy behavior, and more!

Deathmatch 3.0 in split-screen multiplayer

Split screen deathmatch has been changed to what is commonly known in the community as “Deathmatch 3.0.” Weapons will stay in the world after being picked up in order to account for the extreme lethality of DOOM’s weapons, and the weakness of the starting pistol, while all items and ammo respawn on a 30 second timer. Invulnerability and Invisibility will never respawn after being picked up for the first time.

Added optional crosshair

A crosshair, which can be disabled in Gameplay Options, will also change colors when targeting an enemy. This means less guessing if firing a rocket is going to aim at the enemy above you, or fire directly into your face, bringing about an untimely death. Enabling the crosshair may also help reduce motion sickness by giving you a fixed point to focus on.

PC/Switch/PS4: Added Gyro Aim

Gyro Aim, enabled by default, allows you to look left and right by either turning the controller, or rolling the controller left or right. This allows for an additional amount of precision by enabling fine corrections to turning in order to track moving enemies, while still using the right analog stick for large turning movements. Gyro Aim can be set to either use the controller’s yaw, or pitch, or disabled entirely, along with a separate sensitivity slider. Please note: On the PC version, Gyro Aiming is only supported when using a DualShock 4 controller.

iOS: New touch controls

A new, more precise touch control scheme has been implemented. The previous system that required gestures and double tapping has been changed in favor of onscreen buttons. Looking around while holding down the fire button lets you track enemies and fire during protracted encounters, while momentum on turning has been disabled for better precision and more predictable turns. A fire button has been added to both sides of the screen allowing you to better react to being unexpectedly hit from behind.

iOS: Added controller support

If touch controls aren’t your thing, we now support MFi controllers fully. PS4 and Xbox One controllers that are supported by iOS 13 will also now work for input and have the same controller mappings as all the other platforms.

Android/iOS/PC: Added FPS Limiter

On iOS, 30, 60, and 120FPS has been added for devices that have 120hz refresh rate screens. On Android, 30, 60, 90 and 120FPS are available. Finally on PC, you can set it to 30, 60, 120, 144, 165, 240, and unlimited FPS.

Added millisecond accurate timer

A millisecond accurate timer has been added to the minimap, and to the end of level intermission, for anyone looking to speedrun levels.

PC: Keyboard entry of cheat codes

iddqd, idkfa, idclip, and all of their friends can now be entered from the keyboard, in addition to the Cheats menu, as in the original 1993 release.

Added secret area notification

A message and notification is now displayed when you enter into a secret area for the first time.

Added Ultra-Violence+ Skill Level

Ultra-Violence+ is a twist on our existing Ultra-Violence skill level. Deathmatch/Co-op only weapons will spawn in, and enemies are fast like in Nightmare mode. In DOOM II, this means you get the BFG and Rocket Launcher right from the start, but in Final DOOM: Plutonia you’ll have a Spider Mastermind staring you down as soon as you spawn in on the first level. It cuts both ways.

BTSX Episode 1 and Episode 2 are now available in both games

Previously available for DOOM II, both parts of this amazing community Add-On set are now available for owners of either title.

Fixes

Nightmare behavior has been fully restored to the original 1993 release by making enemies move twice as fast.

In honor of double speed enemies returning, the warning when selecting Nightmare difficulty has been restored.

Resolved an issue where lighting in split screen was not accurate compared to single player.

Improved behavior of additional lighting option to increase light levels more accurately across walls and floors.

PC/Switch: Reduced input latency by disabling rendering extra frames in advance.

Reduced delay in starting certain MIDI music in Add-On levels.

Resolved an issue from the original 1993 release where the Super Shotgun blast will linger for an extra frame.

Resolved an issue from the original 1993 release where the Former Human would not light up when firing.

Resolved a rendering issue from the original 1993 release where certain textures wouldn’t tile vertically, commonly known as the “Tutti-Frutti Effect”

Changes

Restored original attract loop to the original 1993 release. The original title screen and credits screen are now visible between demo playback.

Restored cut message from the original 1993 release when picking up a medkit, while having with less than 25 health.

Restored cut “ouch face” from the original 1993 release for when a lot of damage is taken in a single hit.

Intermission screen is now shown after boss levels, instead of cutting immediately to the ending screens in order to see level completion stats and time. Par times have been added to E1M8, E2M8, and E3M8.

Random SFX pitch is now disabled for chainsaw sounds to allow for better looping. Random pitch variation has been reduced for other sounds.

Pickup sounds and player voices will no longer interrupt weapon firing sounds.

PS4/XB1/PC: VSync option in Video Settings to minimize input latency, at the cost of potential screen tearing.

Add-Ons will now use their intended custom graphics during intermission and level loading screens.

Latest Add-Ons appear on the top of the Downloaded list.

Have you tried out this new update yet? Notice anything else? Comment below.

You may know the following problem: You have an object’s attribute name as a string—say, you’ve read it from a file—and you want to access the attribute with the given name. But you cannot use the syntax object."attribute" because the dot notation only allows for name-access like this: object.attribute. How do you resolve this problem? This article will show you how!

Quick Solution: There are four ways to access the object attribute in Python via the built-in functions:

• getattr() — provides access to the object attribute,
• hasattr()— checks whether an attribute exists or not,
• setattr()— is used for setting an attribute, if the attribute does not exist, it will be created,
• delattr()— deletes the attribute.

What Are Attributes Anyways?

We call attribute everything is contained inside an object in Python. There is no real distinguishing between plain data and functions—both are objects. Thus, everything you’ll learn about attributes also applies to methods.

In this article, I will use the following class to show how to access the attributes. It represents a gun of some name and its caliber. In addition, it provides a get_entry method which returns a string representation of the weapon.

class Gun: def __init__(self, name, caliber): self.name = name self.caliber = caliber

The Getattr() Function

As mentioned above, the getattr() function allows you to access the class object attribute. Its syntax is getattr(object, attribute, default), the first two parameters are required, and the third is optional.

• object – an object of the class which has been created,
• attribute – the name of the attribute from which you want to get the value,
• default – message that will be printed out if the attribute does not exist.

ak47 = Gun(name='Ak-47', caliber='7,62 mm') print(getattr(ak47, 'caliber', f'the attribute named {"caliber"} does not exist')) print(getattr(ak47, 'color', f'the attribute named {"color"} does not exist'))

Output:

7,62 mm

the attribute named color does not exist

You first create a Gun class object. Second, you get its caliber and color. Since your object does not have an attribute called color, you only received its caliber and information that the attribute named color does not exist.

You can run this code in our interactive Python shell:

Exercise: Change the output to also print the name of the object.

The Hasattr() Function

The hasattr() function checks if the attribute exists and prints out the bool value: True if so or False if it does not exist. This function has only two parameters that need to be specified: object and attribute.

attributes = ['name', 'color', 'caliber', 'designer'] for attribute in attributes: print(hasattr(ak47, attribute))

Output:

True

False

True

False

As we can see, the hasattr() function checked whether our object named ak47 has the attributes we included in the list and returned True and False values to us. This function is especially useful when we have written many lines of code and our project is huge, then we can quickly and easily check if an object has some attribute or even several attributes.

The Setattr() Function

The setattr() function sets an attribute. Moreover, if the attribute does not exist, it will be created. There are three parameters, and all are required:

• object – object of your class,
• attribute – name of the attribute you want to set,
• value – the value you want to give to the attribute.

ak47 = Gun('ak47', '7,62 mm') print(hasattr(ak47, 'mass'))

setattr(ak47, 'mass', '3.47 kg')

print(hasattr(ak47, 'mass'))

Output:

False

True

As you can see, the function fulfilled its role. At the beginning, we checked if the attribute named mass exists and at that time it did not exist yet (False), then we set the value for this attribute and as we can see, after using setattr(), the object obtained a new attribute (True).

The Delattr() Function

The delattr() function deletes a given attribute from a specific object. Just like with hasattr(), the parameters are two – object and attribute.

ak47 = Gun('ak47', '7,62 mm') attributes = ['name', 'caliber'] for attribute in attributes: print(hasattr(ak47, attribute)) for attribute in attributes: delattr(ak47, attribute) print('***') for attribute in attributes: print(hasattr(ak47, attribute))

Output:

True

True

***

False

False

At first, we created a Gun class object and a list with attribute names. Later we checked if the object has these attributes (True, True), then we used delattr() in the for loop and checked again (False, False).

Other Methods To Access Object Attribute:

Finally, you must also provide another way to check/change the value of the attribute or delete the attribute completely.

You can also access the attribute using dotted-syntax:

ak47 = Gun('ak-47', '7,62 mm')

print(ak47.caliber) print(ak47.name)

ak47.name = 'ak-74'

print(ak47.name)

Output:

7,62 mm

ak-47

ak-74

This way it also works, but remember that it can cause Error when a given attribute does not exist (this cannot be prevented as easily as with the built-in functions) and additionally we can’t check the value of several objects at once using the loop, so we have to use the getattr() function.

You can delete an attribute using the del function:

ak47 = Gun('ak47', '7,62 mm') attributes = ['name', 'caliber'] for attribute in attributes: print(hasattr(ak47, attribute)) del ak47.name

del ak47.caliber print('***') for attribute in attributes: print(hasattr(ak47, attribute))

Output:

True

True

***

False

False

As we can see, we have managed to delete, but we have to call the attributes one by one, so if we want to delete more attributes, it is better to use the delattr() function and the for loop.

Summary

We started with an explanation of what the attributes in Python are, and then the functions getattr(), hasattr(), setattr() and delattr() were described. Finally, we presented other methods with the help of which you can see/change the value of an attribute and also remove an attribute completely. 

I hope this article has answered all your questions about how to access an object attribute.